Cardiology and Cardiovascular Diseases

Heart Failure and Myocardial infarction

Heart failure

Heart failure is the heart’s inability to pump an adequate flow of blood to the body. All major body functions are disrupted without sufficient blood flow. Heat failure can affect the left side or right side of heart or both at the same time.

Types of heart failure

• Right sided heart failure
• Left sided heart failure
• Diastolic heart failure
• Systolic heart failure

Myocardial infarction

Myocardial infarction is also known as heart attack. It occurs when blood flow stops or decreases to a part of the heart and causes damage to the heart muscle. Discomfort or pain in chest is the most common symptom which may extend into the shoulder, arm, back, neck or jaw.

Classification of Myocardial infarction

• Spontaneous MI related to plaque erosion, rupture fissuring, or dissection
• MI related to ischemia
• Sudden unexpected cardiac arrest or death
• Associated with coronary angioplasty or stents
• Associated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
• Associated with stent thrombosis as known by angiography or at autopsy
• Associated with CABG
• Related to spontaneous coronary artery dissection